{"id":748,"date":"2024-06-09T11:11:48","date_gmt":"2024-06-09T11:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/?page_id=748"},"modified":"2024-09-24T10:21:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T10:21:06","slug":"forts-history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/places-to-visit\/forts-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Forts &#038; History"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1n37a4-6a1e51d5a3b35660c5aebb6dd7379da0\">\n.avia-section.av-1n37a4-6a1e51d5a3b35660c5aebb6dd7379da0{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/forts-1.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-1n37a4-6a1e51d5a3b35660c5aebb6dd7379da0 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-builder-el-first  av-medium-hide av-small-hide av-mini-hide avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-50 av-height-50  container_wrap fullsize'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_pc='50' data-av_min_height_opt='50'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-5c7k4-01b9bcd3941f9c406798fa66db79b414 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-fixed-cells  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  av-cell-min-height av-cell-min-height-50 grid-row-not-first av-desktop-hide container_wrap fullsize'   data-av_minimum_height_pc='50'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-19iy4c-5af1984e385a451c73a4c99c3e5d533f\">\n.flex_cell.av-19iy4c-5af1984e385a451c73a4c99c3e5d533f{\nvertical-align:top;\nbackground:url(https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/forts-1-1030x562.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat scroll ;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-19iy4c-5af1984e385a451c73a4c99c3e5d533f{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-19iy4c-5af1984e385a451c73a4c99c3e5d533f av-gridrow-cell av_one_full no_margin  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-zero-padding avia-full-stretch'  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6onn0c-a2a9f1b354661451c6162a98d7449984\">\n.avia-section.av-6onn0c-a2a9f1b354661451c6162a98d7449984{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-6onn0c-a2a9f1b354661451c6162a98d7449984 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-6jyld0-32c3305a3374ec7bda54d4b130d377bb av_one_full  avia-builder-el-4  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-6bpkgk-a9ae8606da66ed9961b1c5eae311f1bd '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center; margin-top: 20px!important;\">Forts &amp; History<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Historical places to visit near Sauze d&#8217;Oulx<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#spaday\">Fort of Fenestrelle<\/a> | <a href=\"#winterwalks\">Fort of Exilles<\/a> | <a href=\"#heli\">Fort Bramafan<\/a> |\u00a0<a href=\"#79\">Military Road 79<\/a> | <a href=\"#bunkers\">Monte Genevris Bunkers<\/a> | <a href=\"#chaberton\">Monte Chaberton<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"credittext\">Image Above: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Salendo_gli_scalini_3.jpg\">Luce61<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>, via Wikimedia Commons<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-65t6mk-1152111055eeeaa07f6ddfce8e767074\">\n.avia-section.av-65t6mk-1152111055eeeaa07f6ddfce8e767074{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='spaday'  class='avia-section av-65t6mk-1152111055eeeaa07f6ddfce8e767074 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-618q3o-8605402682802ffddfffc7c09f9179fa sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-618q3o-8605402682802ffddfffc7c09f9179fa\">\n.flex_column.av-618q3o-8605402682802ffddfffc7c09f9179fa{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-618q3o-8605402682802ffddfffc7c09f9179fa .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-618q3o-8605402682802ffddfffc7c09f9179fa av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><div  class='avia-video av-m0fkc0ul-6e069e01e059b1fb38021bb627328889 avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zu2GQMRh9V0'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Fenestrelle: l&#039;ultimo avamposto\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zu2GQMRh9V0?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5nl9z0-f5d343f856a35375141b2a3c93ca8914\">\n.flex_column.av-5nl9z0-f5d343f856a35375141b2a3c93ca8914{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-5nl9z0-f5d343f856a35375141b2a3c93ca8914 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5nl9z0-f5d343f856a35375141b2a3c93ca8914 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-5higno-f054b98e06bff945189b2e41e7d4c84e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Fort of Fenestrelle<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The Fenestrelle Fortress overlooks the small village of Fenestrelle. It is the biggest alpine fortification in Europe, having a surface area of 1,300,000 m\u00b2. The fortress was built by Savoy between 1728 and 1850 under the design of the architect Ignazio Bertola and it guards the access to Turin via the Chisone valley. It stands at an altitude between 1,100 and 1,800 m. The territory was acquired in 1709 by the Duchy of Savoy (later known as the Kingdom of Sardinia) after the defeat of the French at fort Mutin.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-4lsunw-e39f622ba60cb532bd9bd0638b4eb6c5-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4lsunw-e39f622ba60cb532bd9bd0638b4eb6c5\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-4lsunw-e39f622ba60cb532bd9bd0638b4eb6c5{\nbackground-color:#2693e6;\nborder-color:#2693e6;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-4lsunw-e39f622ba60cb532bd9bd0638b4eb6c5:hover{\ncolor:white;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.fortedifenestrelle.it\/' class='avia-button av-4lsunw-e39f622ba60cb532bd9bd0638b4eb6c5 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-large avia-position-center avia-font-color-theme-color' target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"WEBSITE\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue835' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >WEBSITE<\/span><span class='avia_button_background avia-button avia-color-theme-color-highlight' ><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5fqmtg-ca71b7f1e1f85685237c5e659904058d\">\n.avia-section.av-5fqmtg-ca71b7f1e1f85685237c5e659904058d{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='winterwalks'  class='avia-section av-5fqmtg-ca71b7f1e1f85685237c5e659904058d main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-55ct98-2b6047311a945d4a67fe21309be235cb sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-55ct98-2b6047311a945d4a67fe21309be235cb\">\n.flex_column.av-55ct98-2b6047311a945d4a67fe21309be235cb{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-55ct98-2b6047311a945d4a67fe21309be235cb .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-55ct98-2b6047311a945d4a67fe21309be235cb av_one_half  avia-builder-el-13  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><div  class='avia-video av-m0fkged1-3ce4eb6c73aa329df0c612325d1cf198 avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hXb3YDOdqQ8'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Forte di Exilles, Piemonte | Aerial views with Mavic and FPV drones\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hXb3YDOdqQ8?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4x6604-a75e3648dcf1c5652a0effbee5e5ae39\">\n.flex_column.av-4x6604-a75e3648dcf1c5652a0effbee5e5ae39{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-4x6604-a75e3648dcf1c5652a0effbee5e5ae39 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4x6604-a75e3648dcf1c5652a0effbee5e5ae39 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-4pytl0-456d5f81878886237218273799e7ca73 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Fort of Exilles<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Famed for housing the Man in the Iron Mask, the fort of Exilles is a fortified complex in the Susa Valley. Together with the nearby Fort of Fenestrelle and the Forte Albertino, it was part of the defensive line between the House of Savoy lands (later of the Kingdom of Italy) and France: both these states held it in different phases depending on the outcome of the various wars. It is located on a spur commanding one of the narrowest sections of the Susa Valley, along the main road connecting Turin to France.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">French author Alexandre Dumas elaborated on the story of the Man in the Iron Mask in the novel The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later, the final installment of his classic D\u2019Artagnan saga.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4crlk4-3a2f817762fb8452055271496746ef74\">\n.avia-section.av-4crlk4-3a2f817762fb8452055271496746ef74{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='heli'  class='avia-section av-4crlk4-3a2f817762fb8452055271496746ef74 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-49egg4-65797061c571911fe4d7e8c4f16218a3 sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-49egg4-65797061c571911fe4d7e8c4f16218a3\">\n.flex_column.av-49egg4-65797061c571911fe4d7e8c4f16218a3{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-49egg4-65797061c571911fe4d7e8c4f16218a3 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-49egg4-65797061c571911fe4d7e8c4f16218a3 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-18  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><div  class='avia-video av-m0fkrnzt-45bc7094e03bf8b831ef1bb0e2fe5876 avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KdkER3f0nfg'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Forte Bramafam\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/KdkER3f0nfg?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3ypfc4-4553c214d770f7e2de26b2398bad5ed8\">\n.flex_column.av-3ypfc4-4553c214d770f7e2de26b2398bad5ed8{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-3ypfc4-4553c214d770f7e2de26b2398bad5ed8 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3ypfc4-4553c214d770f7e2de26b2398bad5ed8 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-3r2iqc-d4deade47f8a079d5a880a0423788b91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Fort Bramafam<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The fort was built between 1886 and 1895 to protect the opening of the Frejus tunnel against possible attacks from the French. It was built on the site formerly occupied by a Dauphin\u00e9 castle which was destroyed in 1574.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Before the fort was built, barbette batteries were made followed by the fort itself which hosted a garrison of about two hundred men.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Occupied by German troops after September 8, 1943, the fort was partially demolished after the peace treaty with France in 1947. After World War II, the structure fell into ruin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">In 1995 the Association of Military History and Architecture Studies took over the running of the fort, renovating it with the help of over 50,000 hours of volunteer work.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-m0fkqu9k-face0a56bd39e6a37600df21db2c2f34-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m0fkqu9k-face0a56bd39e6a37600df21db2c2f34\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-m0fkqu9k-face0a56bd39e6a37600df21db2c2f34{\nbackground-color:#2693e6;\nborder-color:#2693e6;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-m0fkqu9k-face0a56bd39e6a37600df21db2c2f34:hover{\ncolor:white;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.fortebramafam.it\/' class='avia-button av-m0fkqu9k-face0a56bd39e6a37600df21db2c2f34 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-large avia-position-center avia-font-color-theme-color' target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"WEBSITE\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue835' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >WEBSITE<\/span><span class='avia_button_background avia-button avia-color-theme-color-highlight' ><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jsdn0-d7a2486ffb42aff234beabcc23d408b5\">\n.avia-section.av-jsdn0-d7a2486ffb42aff234beabcc23d408b5{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='79'  class='avia-section av-jsdn0-d7a2486ffb42aff234beabcc23d408b5 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-e3es4-6bdd03a96cafd43cb83e28272bc46118 sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-e3es4-6bdd03a96cafd43cb83e28272bc46118\">\n.flex_column.av-e3es4-6bdd03a96cafd43cb83e28272bc46118{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-e3es4-6bdd03a96cafd43cb83e28272bc46118 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-e3es4-6bdd03a96cafd43cb83e28272bc46118 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-24  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><div  class='avia-video av-m0fkuauo-111304d4fb1800a6c49d5f20381e375c avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RRdcSASP1Qo'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Military (off)-Road 79\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RRdcSASP1Qo?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7an1w-6d425c5ad01400493d7fc015b07ac33d\">\n.flex_column.av-7an1w-6d425c5ad01400493d7fc015b07ac33d{\nwidth:49%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-7an1w-6d425c5ad01400493d7fc015b07ac33d .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:2%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7an1w-6d425c5ad01400493d7fc015b07ac33d av_one_half  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m0fkteif-ef7aabd4617325f05b7a39e2be96843a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Military Road 79<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Military road 79 is a road built in the high Susa valley (Alta Val di Susa) in 1886 to link Fenils Forte, Fort Pramand, Fort Foens and Fort Jafferau. Their task, in case of military attack by France, was to defend the valley of Bardonecchia and the outlet into the Val di Susa towards Cesana Torinese.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Part of this road (876 m ) runs under the Mount Seguret through the Saracens gallery. The gallery is not always open to off-road traffic so please check.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12gn10-e51ea0dd0ccd87fdf2d2fed8097af2e0\">\n.avia-section.av-12gn10-e51ea0dd0ccd87fdf2d2fed8097af2e0{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='heli'  class='avia-section av-12gn10-e51ea0dd0ccd87fdf2d2fed8097af2e0 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-y37l8-20b3827bbc3920cd5031f6157f3867af sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-y37l8-20b3827bbc3920cd5031f6157f3867af\">\n.flex_column.av-y37l8-20b3827bbc3920cd5031f6157f3867af{\nwidth:100%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-y37l8-20b3827bbc3920cd5031f6157f3867af .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:0%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-y37l8-20b3827bbc3920cd5031f6157f3867af av_one_full  avia-builder-el-29  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m0fkwduf-921cbcb0593a52cf91277007d7b4dbeb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Strada dell\u2019Assietta<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The Assietta Road S. P. 173<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Along the ridge that separates the Chisone Valley from the Susa Valley (above Sauze d\u2019Oulx), the Assietta Road, or to give it its proper title Strada dell\u2019Assietta, was a military carriageway that runs for some 60 km and almost entirely over 2000 meters.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The Strada dell\u2019Assietta offers a unique chance to discover some of the most significant historical landmarks of one of the most striking corner of Western Alps. From the Escartons Republic to Savoy sovereignty, from religious conflicts to the rich biodiversity of alpine pastures and the Gran Bosco National Park.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Also see our separate page on <a href=\"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/summer\/strada-dellassietta\/\">Strada dell\u2019 Assietta<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-rxz30-cc756eba1cfe49f9c72e6e87d31991b0\">\n.avia-section.av-rxz30-cc756eba1cfe49f9c72e6e87d31991b0{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bunkers'  class='avia-section av-rxz30-cc756eba1cfe49f9c72e6e87d31991b0 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ln23o-029c365f476d42f911d0a763b51af8e1 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-32  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-fwf24-a6a56d61fb77b858b27b8263a8f8bdbc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Monte Genevris Bunkers<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Easily seen on a hike to Monte Genevris from Sauze d\u2019Oulx, these four Second World War bunkers were built to stop any military invasion along the Assietta Road (Strada dell\u2019Assietta). Located between Colle Costa Piana and Monte Genevris, they were not equipped with any fixings and were eventually abandoned in 1941.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-b1l2s-e6060d534572bb794d14f8bf195dc566\">\n.avia-section.av-b1l2s-e6060d534572bb794d14f8bf195dc566{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='chaberton'  class='avia-section av-b1l2s-e6060d534572bb794d14f8bf195dc566 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-748'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2ujufw-991ef0c42bcaafffb9838d38ef4ea057 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-35  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-2rbfus-b8068ac48162465a2c2fa62bbefdd739 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>MONTE CHABERTON<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Monte Chaberton, about 30 minutes by car from Sauze d\u2019Oulx to the approach path, is a 3,131 metres (10,272 ft) peak in the French Alps. Chaberton is easily recognisable by its pyramidal shape and flat top.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The ascent of Chaberton is a popular summertime hike.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Until 1947 Monte Chaberton was in Italy, located in the municipality of Cesana Torinese.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">In 1883 Italy joined the Triple Alliance and started strengthening its defences against France. Between 1898 and 1910 Italian troops built an artillery battery on the summit that pointed towards France, in particular at the town of Brian\u00e7on, and the pass to Italy over the Col de Montgen\u00e8vre. A road was built to the summit from the village of F\u00e9nils in the Susa Valley by soldiers and engineers led by Major Engineer Luigi Pollari Maglietta. They flattened to summit by about 6 metres to provide a surface for the eight towers. Their height of 12 metres was designed to overcome the highest snowfall recorded.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Each emplacement was manned by seven men, who were protected by a relatively lightly armoured dome because the battery was thought to be out of reach of conventional artillery. Eight 149mm guns were mounted in the individual masonry towers. The fort was dubbed the \u201cFort of the Clouds\u201d because it was often hidden in the clouds.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">During the First World War, when Italy entered the war alongside the Triple Entente, the guns were removed to be used on the front against the Austro-Hungarian Empire.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Under the Benito Mussolini\u2018s regime, Chaberton was rearmed again to threaten to Brian\u00e7on. The French army installed four 280mm mortars dating back to the battle of Verdun in the First World War, divided into two batteries and camouflaged. Both sites were outside the view of the Italians. When Italy entered the Second World War, they bombarded the French positions around Brian\u00e7on on 20 June, but Italian troops did not advance. Little damage was inflicted. Because of cloud on the peak, the French could not respond. On 21 June 1940 the 154th Artillery Regiment destroyed six of the eight turrets using their mortars. They were guided by observers on the nearby Mont Janus. Shell craters are still visible from the air on the slopes to the west of the mountain. The nine Italians were killed and 50 were wounded. Turrets 7 and 8 continued to fire over the next three days, until the cease-fire of 24 June 1940.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The fort was abandoned 8 September 1943. It was briefly re-occupied in autumn 1944 by paratroopers of the Italian Social Republic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">At the end of the war France acquired the mountain, and the border was moved to the edge of the Italian village of Claviere. In 1957 all the remains of the guns and armour were removed. The masonry that supported the turrets is still visible. The remaining underground structures are in a dangerous condition.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-8phas-daa0e375973cfe0a0250d42e728ad8c3 sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8phas-daa0e375973cfe0a0250d42e728ad8c3\">\n.flex_column.av-8phas-daa0e375973cfe0a0250d42e728ad8c3{\nwidth:100%;\nmargin-left:0;\n}\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-8phas-daa0e375973cfe0a0250d42e728ad8c3 .av-flex-placeholder{\nwidth:0%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8phas-daa0e375973cfe0a0250d42e728ad8c3 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-37  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  column-top-margin'     ><div  class='avia-video av-m0fl0o7f-d6acc1af6229444d0450970436103076 avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DZVm3weOodE'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Sorvolando la leggendaria vetta del Monte Chaberton\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DZVm3weOodE?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-748","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=748"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6910,"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748\/revisions\/6910"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sauzedoulx.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}